-
The word skyscraper originally referred to a type of sail on a sailing ship.
-
A skyscraper is held together by a steel skeleton
of vertical columns, horizontal girder beams and often diagonal beams
for extra support. This structure distributes the immense weight in a
way that ensures the integrity and safety of the building.
-
Restoration work in 1990 and 2001 shifted the Leaning Tower of Pisa back to an angle of 4 degrees after it was previously leaning at an angle of 5.5 degrees.
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The roofs of the Sydney Opera House are covered in a total of 1056006 tiles.
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The Colosseum
in Rome, Italy, is an elliptical amphitheatre that was completed in 80
AD. It held around 50000 spectators and was used for a variety of
events including gladiator contests, animal hunts and mythology based
dramas.
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Around 20000 workers helped build the Taj Mahal, a famous mausoleum and landmark in Agra, India, that attracts millions of visitors every year.
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The world’s largest office building by floor size
is the Pentagon in Virginia, USA, with over half of its
6500000 square foot (604000 square metre) floor area used as offices.
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The Empire State Building in New York was the
first building to have over 100 floors and was the tallest building in
the world from 1931 until 1972.
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The Chrysler Building in New York was built at a
time when there was a strong desire to build the world’s tallest
skyscraper, before being overtaken by the Empire State Building, the
Chrysler Building was the world’s tallest for around 11 months. During
the construction, floors were being completed at a staggering four per
week. Despite the rush, no workers died during its construction.
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The Petronas Towers in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, are the world’s tallest twin buildings, standing at a height of 452 metres (1483 feet).
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The Burj Khalifa
in Dubai, UAE, is the tallest building in the world. It reaches an
amazing 828 metres (2717 feet) in height. Check out our top ten list of
the tallest buildings in the world.
- Tall buildings need fast elevators, recent developments have led to elevators that can travel up to, and sometimes over, 1000 metres a minute (3280 feet a minute).
Friday 15 November 2013
Building Facts
Thursday 14 November 2013
Solved Objective questions on surveying
1: The object of surveying is to prepare a:
(a) Map
(b) Cross-section
(c) Drawing
(d) Model.
Answer. (a)
2: The main principle of surveying is to work from:
(a) The part to the whole.
(b) The whole to the part.
(c) The centre to the boundary
(d) The boundary to the centre.
Answer. (b)
3: A 20 m chain is divided into:
(a) 50 links
(b) 100 links
(c) 150 links
(d) 175 links
Answer. (b)
4: The length of a link in a chain is:
(a) 20 cm
(b) 30 cm
(0) 35 cm
(d) 40 cm
Answer. (a)
5: For ranging a line, the number of ranging rods required is:
(a) At least two
(b) At least three
(c) At least four
(d) At least five.
Answer. (b)
6: The walk step of a man is considered equal to:
(a) 80cm
(b) 90 cm
(c) 100 cm
(d) 110 cm
Answer. (a)
7 : ln chain survey the area is divided into :
(a) Circle
(b) Square
(c) Triangles
(d) Rectangulars.
Answer. (c)
8: The preliminary Inspection of the area to be surveyed is known as:
(a) Rough survey.
(b) Primary survey
(c) Route survey
(d) Reconnaissance survey.
Answer. (d)
9: ln a prismatic compass zero is marked on the:
(a) East end.
(b) West end.
(c) North end.
(d) South end.
Answer. (d)
10: The closing error in a closed travers is adjusted by:
(a) Lenmanns rule
(b) Slide rule.
(c) Bowditch’s rule.
(d) Simpson’s rule.
Answer. (c)
11: The principle of plane table is:
(a) Traversing.
(b) Parallelism.
(c) Triangulation.
(d) All the above.
Answer. (b)
12: The working edge of the alidade is known as the:
(a) Parallel edge.
(b) Bevelled edge.
(c) Parallax edge.
(d) Fiducial edge.
Answer. (d)
13: Inaccessible point may be located by the:
(a) Radiation method.
(b) Resection method.
(c) Intersection method.
(d) Travering method.
Answer. (c)
14: Spirit level in plane table is used for:
(a) Centring
(b) Sighting
(c) Marking north
(d) Leveliing
Answer. (d)
15: Closed travers is suitable in the survey of:
(a) River.
(b) Road.
(c) Coast lines.
(d) Ponds.
Answer. (d)
16: Prismatic compass gives the:
(a) Quadrantal Bearing.
(b) Reduced Bearing.
(c) Whole circle Bearing.
(d) None of these.
Answer. (c)
17: The line passes through zero declination is known as the:
(a) lsogonic line.
(b) Agonic line.
(c) Dip line.
(d) Contour line.
Answer. (b)
18: At the equator the dip of the needle is:
(a) 0°.
(b) 90°.
(c) 180°.
(d) 45°.
Answer. (a)
19: In the whole circle Bearing (WCB), a line is said to be free from local attraction if the
difference between the FB and BB is:
(a) 0°
(b) 90°
(c) 120°
(d) 180°
Answer. (d)
20: The surface of still water is considered:
(a) Even
(b) Smooth.
(c) Horizontal.
(d) Level.
Answer. (d)
21: The surface tangential to a level surface is said to be a:
(a) Horizontal surface.
(b) Vertical surface.
(c) Ground surface.
(d) Levelled surface.
Answer. (a)
(a) Map
(b) Cross-section
(c) Drawing
(d) Model.
Answer. (a)
2: The main principle of surveying is to work from:
(a) The part to the whole.
(b) The whole to the part.
(c) The centre to the boundary
(d) The boundary to the centre.
Answer. (b)
3: A 20 m chain is divided into:
(a) 50 links
(b) 100 links
(c) 150 links
(d) 175 links
Answer. (b)
4: The length of a link in a chain is:
(a) 20 cm
(b) 30 cm
(0) 35 cm
(d) 40 cm
Answer. (a)
5: For ranging a line, the number of ranging rods required is:
(a) At least two
(b) At least three
(c) At least four
(d) At least five.
Answer. (b)
6: The walk step of a man is considered equal to:
(a) 80cm
(b) 90 cm
(c) 100 cm
(d) 110 cm
Answer. (a)
7 : ln chain survey the area is divided into :
(a) Circle
(b) Square
(c) Triangles
(d) Rectangulars.
Answer. (c)
8: The preliminary Inspection of the area to be surveyed is known as:
(a) Rough survey.
(b) Primary survey
(c) Route survey
(d) Reconnaissance survey.
Answer. (d)
9: ln a prismatic compass zero is marked on the:
(a) East end.
(b) West end.
(c) North end.
(d) South end.
Answer. (d)
10: The closing error in a closed travers is adjusted by:
(a) Lenmanns rule
(b) Slide rule.
(c) Bowditch’s rule.
(d) Simpson’s rule.
Answer. (c)
11: The principle of plane table is:
(a) Traversing.
(b) Parallelism.
(c) Triangulation.
(d) All the above.
Answer. (b)
12: The working edge of the alidade is known as the:
(a) Parallel edge.
(b) Bevelled edge.
(c) Parallax edge.
(d) Fiducial edge.
Answer. (d)
13: Inaccessible point may be located by the:
(a) Radiation method.
(b) Resection method.
(c) Intersection method.
(d) Travering method.
Answer. (c)
14: Spirit level in plane table is used for:
(a) Centring
(b) Sighting
(c) Marking north
(d) Leveliing
Answer. (d)
15: Closed travers is suitable in the survey of:
(a) River.
(b) Road.
(c) Coast lines.
(d) Ponds.
Answer. (d)
16: Prismatic compass gives the:
(a) Quadrantal Bearing.
(b) Reduced Bearing.
(c) Whole circle Bearing.
(d) None of these.
Answer. (c)
17: The line passes through zero declination is known as the:
(a) lsogonic line.
(b) Agonic line.
(c) Dip line.
(d) Contour line.
Answer. (b)
18: At the equator the dip of the needle is:
(a) 0°.
(b) 90°.
(c) 180°.
(d) 45°.
Answer. (a)
19: In the whole circle Bearing (WCB), a line is said to be free from local attraction if the
difference between the FB and BB is:
(a) 0°
(b) 90°
(c) 120°
(d) 180°
Answer. (d)
20: The surface of still water is considered:
(a) Even
(b) Smooth.
(c) Horizontal.
(d) Level.
Answer. (d)
21: The surface tangential to a level surface is said to be a:
(a) Horizontal surface.
(b) Vertical surface.
(c) Ground surface.
(d) Levelled surface.
Answer. (a)